This paper considers three alternative approaches to setting performance standards (the predictive, the international benchmark, and the baseline normative approaches) and hybrid approaches that combine features across these three.
Darren Woodruff, a senior research analyst at AIR, is an invited panelist at a convening hosted by the NAACP Legal Defense & Educational Fund, Inc. and African-American Male Achievement Group, Inc. from September 29 to October 1, 2011.